The “Drop casting” and “spin-coating” techniques are frequently utilized to manufacture nanostructure materials like TiO2, in which the modifying layer comprises nanoparticles (NPs). The study aims to use spin-coating and Drop-casting techniques to deposit highly uniform and good adhesion nanoparticles. TiO2 NPs have been successfully deposited using the spin-coating technique which has smoother films with discernible crystallinity used for antibacterial activity. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of TiO2 NPs prepared through Drop-casting and spin-coating techniques were studied using XRD, SEM, AFM, and UV-Vis, respectively. XRD patterns of TiO2 NPs which were prepared by Drop-casting and spin-coating techniques and the solution prepared with concentrations of (60,120) g/L was the monoclinic phase of TiO2 nanoparticle. The average crystalline size was increased with increasing concentrations. The films have a smooth surface, a high density, and excellent adhesion to the glass substrate, according to SEM and AFM’s observation of the images. Additionally, because of the growth in particle size and increasing solution concentrations, the surface roughness for synthesized samples increased. UV-Vis illustrated the allowed direct electronic transition and the value of band gaps increased with increasing concentrations of TiO2 NPs. Finally, all the modification characterizations via the spin-coating technique contribute to knowing the effect of TiO2 NPs concentrations on the antimicrobial activity which was increased with increasing NPs concentration.

High-Pressure Die casting (HPDC) is one of the major production processes of the automotive industry, widely used to manufacture geometrically complex nonferrous castings. The mechanical strength and microstructure of HPDC-manufactured products change with variation in several process parameters such as injection pressure, molten temperature, 1st and 2nd stage plunger velocities, cooling temperature, etc. Since these process parameters directly a, ect casting quality, their optimum combination is needed to maximize productivity of the process and minimize casting defects such as porosity, pinholes, blowholes, etc. Hence, to tackle this problem, an approach is presented in this paper that minimizes the major casting defect, i. e., porosity, in the HPDC process by optimizing parameters through Design Of Experiments (DOE) in combination with Taguchi Analysis. The obtained results showed that cooling time, injection pressure, and 2nd stage plunger velocity had a major in uence on the response factor (density of the cast part). It was further concluded that by using a 178-bar injection pressure, 665, C molten temperature, 5 seconds of cooling time, 210 C mold temperature, 0. 20 m. s-1 1st stage plunger velocity, and 6. 0 m. s-1 2nd stage plunger velocity, the rejection rate of the selected part due to porosity was reduced by 61%.

Drop nose the Drop nose in the upper and lower sections causes poor breathing and deformity of the nose. In this lecture we discuss the causes and the method of operation. Nasal tip depression and deformation of the labial angle for any defund as saddle nose. This angle is 95-100 degrees in men and 95-115 degrees in women. Apart from the role that this angle has in breathing, it also has an important role in making individuals look younger. This nasal tip depression can cause some minor disorders in breathing functions. Causes: Several causes can make this angle deformation. The most important causes are strokes and disorders in the nose tip organization and the loss of important tip support, such as reaching septum caudal or removing a lot of septum in SMR.